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Preparation and characterization of lithium

Chang WANG,Yanlong ZHAI,Xi WANG,Ming ZENG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 471-477 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1449-3

Abstract: Lithium -MnO ion-sieves were prepared from spinel LiMn O via treatment with nitric acid. The LiMn O was synthesized by a solid state reaction between LiOH·H O and MnO . The effects of the calcination time and temperature on the preparation of the LiMn O precursor and the lithium ion-sieve were investigated. In addition, the Li extraction ratio, the Mn dissolving ratio and the adsorption properties of the lithium ion-sieve were all measured. The lithium ion-sieve had a high exchange capacity and was selective for Li . Specifically, at pH= 13, the ion exchange capacity of Li was 30.9 mg/g in 10 mmol/L LiCl solution and the lithium extraction ratio and manganese dissolving ratio were 95% and 25%, respectively.

Keywords： lithium ion-sieve     solid state reaction     adsorption     LiMn<sub>2sub>O<sub>4sub>    

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Does environmental infrastructure investment contribute to emissions reduction? A case of China

Xiaoqian SONG, Yong GENG, Ke LI, Xi ZHANG, Fei WU, Hengyu PAN, Yiqing ZHANG

Frontiers in Energy 2020, Volume 14, Issue 1,   Pages 57-70 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0654-7

Abstract: Environmental infrastructure investment (EII) is an important environmental policy instrument on responding to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and air pollution. This paper employs an improved stochastic impact by regression on population, affluence and technology (STRIPAT) model by using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and municipalities for the period of 2003–2015 to investigate the effect of EII on CO emissions, SO emissions, and PM pollution. The results indicate that EII has a positive and significant effect on mitigating CO emission. However, the effect of EII on SO emission fluctuated although it still contributes to the reduction of PM pollution through technology innovations. Energy intensity has the largest impact on GHG emissions and air pollution, followed by GDP per capita and industrial structure. In addition, the effect of EII on environmental issues varies in different regions. Such findings suggest that policies on EII should be region-specific so that more appropriate mitigation policies can be raised by considering the local realities.

Keywords： environmental infrastructure investment (EII)     CO<sub>2sub> emission     SO<sub>2sub> emission     PM<sub>2.5sub> pollution     stochastic impact by regression on population     affluence and technology (STIRPAT)    

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Uncovering CO<sub>2sub> emission drivers under regional industrial transfer in China’s Yangtze River

Huijuan JIANG, Yong GENG, Xu TIAN, Xi ZHANG, Wei CHEN, Ziyan GAO

Frontiers in Energy 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2,   Pages 292-307 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0706-z

Abstract: With the relocation of heavy industries moving from downstream region to upstream and midstream regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), it is critical to encourage coordinated low carbon development in different regions within the YREB. This paper uncovers the evolution of CO emissions in different regions within the YREB for the period of 2000–2017. It decomposes regional CO emission changes using the temporal and cross-regional three-layer logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method. Besides, it decomposes industrial CO emission changes using the temporal two-layer LMDI method. The research results show that economic growth is the major driver for regional CO emission disparities. The mitigation drivers, such as energy intensity and energy structure, lead to a more decreased CO emission in the downstream region than in the upstream and midstream regions. In addition, it proposes several policy recommendations based upon the local realities, including improving energy efficiency, optimizing energy structure, promoting advanced technologies and equipment transfers, and coordinating the development in the upstream, midstream and downstream regions within the YREB.

Keywords： CO<sub>2sub> emission     multi-layer LMDI decomposition     industrial transfer     governance    

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Novel piezoelectric pump with “E”-shaped valve found from sub-experiments

Jianhui ZHANG, Jun HUANG, Xiaoqi HU, Qixiao XI,

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2010, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 212-218 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0009-x

Abstract: First, through the sub-experiment on various parameters of the plate valve of a piezoelectric pump, the

Keywords： piezoelectricity     valve     pump     experiment     “     E”     -shaped valve    

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Latent discriminative representation learning for speaker recognition Research Articles

Duolin Huang, Qirong Mao, Zhongchen Ma, Zhishen Zheng, Sidheswar Routryar, Elias-Nii-Noi Ocquaye,2211708034

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 5,   Pages 615-766 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900690

Abstract: Extracting discriminative speaker-specific representations from speech signals and transforming them into fixed length vectors are key steps in speaker identification and verification systems. In this study, we propose a method for . We mean that the learned representations in this study are not only discriminative but also relevant. Specifically, we introduce an additional speaker embedded lookup table to explore the relevance between different utterances from the same speaker. Moreover, a reconstruction constraint intended to learn a is introduced to make representation discriminative. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods based on the Apollo dataset used in the Fearless Steps Challenge in INTERSPEECH2019 and the TIMIT dataset.

Keywords： 说话人识别；潜在可区分性表征学习；说话人嵌入查找表；线性映射矩阵    

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Erratum to: Latent discriminative representation learning for speaker recognition Erratum

Duolin Huang, Qirong Mao, Zhongchen Ma, Zhishen Zheng, Sidheswar Routray, Elias-Nii-Noi Ocquaye,2211708034

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 6,   Pages 914-914 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.19e0690

Abstract: Unfortunately the fifth author’s name was mis-spelt. It should be Sidheswar ROUTRAY.
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A surrogate-based optimization algorithm for network design problems Article

Meng LI, Xi LIN, Xi-qun CHEN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 11,   Pages 1693-1704 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601403

Abstract: Network design problems (NDPs) have long been regarded as one of the most challenging problems in the field of transportation planning due to the intrinsic non-convexity of their bi-level programming form. Furthermore, a mixture of continuous/discrete decision variables makes the mixed network design problem (MNDP) more complicated and difficult to solve. We adopt a surrogate-based optimization (SBO) framework to solve three featured categories of NDPs (continuous, discrete, and mixed-integer). We prove that the method is asymptotically completely convergent when solving continuous NDPs, guaranteeing a global optimum with probability one through an indefinitely long run. To demonstrate the practical performance of the proposed framework, numerical examples are provided to compare SBO with some existing solving algorithms and other heuristics in the literature for NDP. The results show that SBO is one of the best algorithms in terms of both accuracy and efficiency, and it is efficient for solving large-scale problems with more than 20 decision variables. The SBO approach presented in this paper is a general algorithm of solving other optimization problems in the transportation field.

Keywords： Network design problem     Surrogate-based optimization     Transportation planning     Heuristics    

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Reconfigurable manufacturing systems: Principles, design, and future trends

Yoram KOREN, Xi GU, Weihong GUO

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 121-136 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0483-0

Abstract:

Reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs), which possess the advantages of both dedicated serial lines and flexible manufacturing systems, were introduced in the mid-1990s to address the challenges initiated by globalization. The principal goal of an RMS is to enhance the responsiveness of manufacturing systems to unforeseen changes in product demand. RMSs are cost-effective because they boost productivity, and increase the lifetime of the manufacturing system. Because of the many streams in which a product may be produced on an RMS, maintaining product precision in an RMS is a challenge. But the experience with RMS in the last 20 years indicates that product quality can be definitely maintained by inserting in-line inspection stations. In this paper, we formulate the design and operational principles for RMSs, and provide a state-of-the-art review of the design and operations methodologies of RMSs according to these principles. Finally, we propose future research directions, and deliberate on how recent intelligent manufacturing technologies may advance the design and operations of RMSs.

Keywords： reconfigurable manufacturing systems     responsiveness     intelligent manufacturing    

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Biosorption of Cd

Fengyu ZAN, Shouliang HUO, Beidou XI, Xiulan ZHAO

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 51-58 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0206-9

Abstract: The biosorption of Cd and Cu onto the immobilized ( ) was investigated in this study. Adsorption kinetics, isotherms and the effect of pH were studied. The results indicated that the biosorption of Cd and Cu on the immobilized was fast at initial stage and then became slow. The maximum biosorption of heavy metal ions on immobilized were observed at pH 4 for Cd and Cu . by the pseudo-second-order model described the sorption kinetic data well according to the high correlation coefficient ( ) obtained. The biosorption isotherm was fitted well by the Langmuir model, indicating possible mono-layer biosorption of Cd and Cu on the immobilized . Moreover, the immobilized after the sorption of Cd and Cu could be regenerated and reused.

Keywords： Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)     biosorption     heavy metals     immobilization     desorption    

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Boundary conditions for axisymmetric piezoelectric cylinder

Baosheng ZHAO, Di WU, Xi CHEN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 401-408 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0272-8

Abstract:

For axisymmetric piezoelectric cylinder, the reciprocal theorem and the axisymmetric general solution of piezoelasticity are applied in a novel way to obtain the appropriate stress and mixed boundary conditions accurate to all orders for the cylinder of general edge geometry and loadings. A decay analysis technique developed by Gregory and Wan is converted into necessary conditions on the end-data of axisymmetric piezoelectric circular cylinder, and the rapidly decaying solution is established. The prescribed end-data of the circle cylinder must satisfy these conditions in order that they could generate a decaying state within the cylinder. When stress and mixed conditions are imposed on the end of cylinder, these decaying state conditions for the case of axisymmetric deformation of piezoelectric cylinder are derived explicitly. They are then used for the correct formulation of boundary conditions for the theory solution (or the interior solution) of axisymmetric piezoelectric cylinder. The results of the present paper enable us to establish a set of correct boundary conditions, most of which are obtained for the first time.

Keywords： solid and structures     the axisymmetric deformation     the piezoelectric circular cylinder     the refined theory     Bessel’s Function    

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Seismic performance of viaducts with probabilistic method

ZHU Xi, WANG Jianmin

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 267-273 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0034-y

Abstract: Due to the uncertainty of both ground motions and structural capacity, it is necessary to consider the seismic performance of viaduct structures using the probabilistic method. The risk is quantified by a procedure on the basis of a numerical determination of the fragility curves. A group of ground motions, Large Magnitude-Short Distance Bin (LMSR-N), selected specially due to its response spectra, is accorded well with the corresponding spectra of the Chinese code for seismic design. The characteristic values of the curvature ductility factors for the serviceability and the damage control limit states are obtained, and two equations for estimating the characteristic values of the curvature ductility factors are developed through regression analysis. Then, the serviceability and damage control limit states were proposed. Three damage states were constituted according the results of the experiment by Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center. The analytical fragility curves were obtained specifically, using both Capacity Spectrum Method (CSM) (non-linear static) analysis and Ineremental Dynamic Method (IDM) (non-linear dynamic) analysis, respectively, in this paper. The structural fragility curves developed by CSM method can help make the structural analysis simple and quick, avoiding the implementation of the dynamic response history analysis (RHA). Although the dynamic RHA requires a lot of complicated analysis for the structure, the results from RHA are reliable and accurate. Fragility curves are powerful tools for use in performance-based seismic bridge design.

Keywords： uncertainty     Earthquake Engineering     regression analysis     accurate     fragility    

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Chinese Academy of Engineering released

Xu Wang, Jiao Zhang, Xi Lu, Xia Huang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1257-6

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Autophagy and the nutritional signaling pathway

Long HE,Shabnam ESLAMFAM,Xi MA,Defa LI

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 222-230 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016106

Abstract: During their growth and development, animals adapt to tremendous changes in order to survive. These include responses to both environmental and physiological changes and autophagy is one of most important adaptive and regulatory mechanisms. Autophagy is defined as an autolytic process to clear damaged cellular organelles and recycle the nutrients via lysosomic degradation. The process of autophagy responds to special conditions such as nutrient withdrawal. Once autophagy is induced, phagophores form and then elongate and curve to form autophagosomes. Autophagosomes then engulf cargo, fuse with endosomes, and finally fuse with lysosomes for maturation. During the initiation process, the ATG1/ULK1 (unc-51-like kinase 1) and VPS34 (which encodes a class III phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) 3-kinase) complexes are critical in recruitment and assembly of other complexes required for autophagy. The process of autophagy is regulated by autophagy related genes (ATGs). Amino acid and energy starvation mediate autophagy by activating mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is the energy status sensor, the core nutrient signaling component and the metabolic kinase of cells. This review mainly focuses on the mechanism of autophagy regulated by nutrient signaling especially for the two important complexes, ULK1 and VPS34.

Keywords： Autophagy     ULK1 complex     VPS34 complex     AMPK     mTOR     nutrient signaling    

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Rh<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>/hexagonal CePO<sub>4sub> nanocatalysts for N<sub>2sub>O decomposition

Huan Liu, Zhen Ma

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 586-593 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1659-6

Abstract: Hexagonal CePO nanorods were prepared by a precipitation method and hexagonal CePO nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at 150 °C. Rh(NO ) was then used as a precursor for the impregnation of Rh O onto these CePO materials. The Rh O supported on the CePO nanowires was much more active for the catalytic decomposition of N O than the Rh O supported on CePO nanorods. The stability of both catalysts as a function of time on stream was studied and the influence of the co-feed (CO , O , H O or O /H O) on the N O decomposition was also investigated. The samples were characterized by N adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, oxygen temperature-programmed desorption, and CO temperature-programmed desorption in order to correlate the physicochemical and catalytic properties.

Keywords： Rh<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>     CePO<sub>4sub>     N<sub>2sub>O decomposition    

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Progress of Air Pollution Control in China and Its Challenges and Opportunities in the Ecological Civilization Era Review

Xi Lu, Shaojun Zhang, Jia Xing, Yunjie Wang, Wenhui Chen, Dian Ding, Ye Wu, Shuxiao Wang, Lei Duan, Jiming

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 12,   Pages 1423-1431 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.014

Abstract: Emission control of sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2sub>) resolved the deteriorating acid rain issue in Chinaprecursors and sectors have targeted the reduction of the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5sub>), marking a transition to an air-quality-oriented strategy.Increasing ozone (O<sub>3sub>) pollution further requires O<sub>3sub> and PM<sub>2.5sub> integrated

Keywords： Air pollution control     Ecological civilization     PM<sub>2.5sub>     Low-carbon development     Ozone    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Preparation and characterization of lithium

Chang WANG,Yanlong ZHAI,Xi WANG,Ming ZENG

Journal Article

Does environmental infrastructure investment contribute to emissions reduction? A case of China

Xiaoqian SONG, Yong GENG, Ke LI, Xi ZHANG, Fei WU, Hengyu PAN, Yiqing ZHANG

Journal Article

Uncovering CO<sub>2sub> emission drivers under regional industrial transfer in China’s Yangtze River

Huijuan JIANG, Yong GENG, Xu TIAN, Xi ZHANG, Wei CHEN, Ziyan GAO

Journal Article

Novel piezoelectric pump with “E”-shaped valve found from sub-experiments

Jianhui ZHANG, Jun HUANG, Xiaoqi HU, Qixiao XI,

Journal Article

Latent discriminative representation learning for speaker recognition

Duolin Huang, Qirong Mao, Zhongchen Ma, Zhishen Zheng, Sidheswar Routryar, Elias-Nii-Noi Ocquaye,2211708034

Journal Article

Erratum to: Latent discriminative representation learning for speaker recognition

Duolin Huang, Qirong Mao, Zhongchen Ma, Zhishen Zheng, Sidheswar Routray, Elias-Nii-Noi Ocquaye,2211708034

Journal Article

A surrogate-based optimization algorithm for network design problems

Meng LI, Xi LIN, Xi-qun CHEN

Journal Article

Reconfigurable manufacturing systems: Principles, design, and future trends

Yoram KOREN, Xi GU, Weihong GUO

Journal Article

Biosorption of Cd

Fengyu ZAN, Shouliang HUO, Beidou XI, Xiulan ZHAO

Journal Article

Boundary conditions for axisymmetric piezoelectric cylinder

Baosheng ZHAO, Di WU, Xi CHEN

Journal Article

Seismic performance of viaducts with probabilistic method

ZHU Xi, WANG Jianmin

Journal Article

Chinese Academy of Engineering released

Xu Wang, Jiao Zhang, Xi Lu, Xia Huang

Journal Article

Autophagy and the nutritional signaling pathway

Long HE,Shabnam ESLAMFAM,Xi MA,Defa LI

Journal Article

Rh<sub>2sub>O<sub>3sub>/hexagonal CePO<sub>4sub> nanocatalysts for N<sub>2sub>O decomposition

Huan Liu, Zhen Ma

Journal Article

Progress of Air Pollution Control in China and Its Challenges and Opportunities in the Ecological Civilization Era

Xi Lu, Shaojun Zhang, Jia Xing, Yunjie Wang, Wenhui Chen, Dian Ding, Ye Wu, Shuxiao Wang, Lei Duan, Jiming

Journal Article